智慧學校的理念與實踐探究：中小學教育人員的觀點

A Study on the Concept and Practice of Smart Schools: The Views of Elementary and Junior High Schools’ Educators

本研究旨在探討智慧學校在當前中小學實踐的可能性，研究方法採用訪談與焦點座談，透過對八位服務於市區、一般鄉鎮與偏鄉中小學校長、主任之個別訪談與焦點座談，探究中小學教育人員在智慧學校的理念認知，以及智慧學校實踐的策略與困境。研究結果發現有三：一、智慧學校的理念，包括建立共同願景、資訊科技設施的完備及後勤支援、跨學科與跨校際的數位教學與學習，以及教育人員的數位科技與教學的能力等；二、智慧學校的實踐策略，涵括完善的資訊科技基礎設施與網路覆蓋率、校長科技領導能力、教育人員數位科技與數位課程教學能力、學生數位科技與數位學習能力、學校文化的轉變等；三、當前面對的困境，則有缺乏資訊基礎設施及完善後勤支援、城鄉數位落差、教育人員能力不足與觀念態度的固著、雲端教學平台系統的穩定性與資訊的豐富性、學生數位學習能力不足以及與家長觀念的溝通等問題。最後，本研究提出具體實踐策略與配套措施，供相關機構與學校參酌。

This study is to explore the possibility of the practice of smart schools in elementary and junior high schools, through interview method and focus group with eight principals and directors in urban, general and rural areas to discuss the cognition, strategy, and difficulties of smart schools. The findings indicate that the concepts of smart schools include a vision, complete and logistical support for information technology facilities, interdisciplinary and inter-school digital teaching and learning, and the digital technology and teaching capabilities of educators. The practical strategy of smart schools includes perfect information technology infrastructure and network coverage, principal’s leadership in science and technology, educators’ ability to teach digital technology and digital courses, students’ ability to use digital technology and digital learning, and the transformation of school culture. Current difficulties include insufficient information infrastructure and logistics support, urban-rural digital gap, educators’ insufficient digital abilities and fixed attitudes, instability of cloud teaching platform system and lack of information richness, students’ insufficient digital learning ability and difficulty in communicating with parents.