國民中小學校長學用合一的實踐：教育行政主管機關應有的思考與作為之芻議

Practice of Unity of Learned and Application of Elementary and Secondary School Principals: Discussion on Thoughts and Actions of Educational Administration Authorities

本文主要從教育行政機關的立場，評析如何強化國民中小學校長學用合一的專業領導。首先，分別從企業管理理論在學校教育的運用、領導理論的發展、資訊科技與人工智慧的興起等三個層面，探討校長學用合一的重要性；其次，從《九年一貫課程綱要總綱》到《十二年國民基本教育課程綱要總綱》的差異、校長及教師的公開授課，探討校長學用合一的必然性；接著，從教育行政機關的角度提出強化校長學用合一的建議：一、可調整校長因政策需求，必須參與的研習課程，採取三明治式的方案設計，著重校長學用合一的實踐性；二、可建立校長校務經營管理的持續專業發展課程，作為校長專業發展和學用合一檢核的基準；三、可配合學校評鑑結果提出校長專業知能的需求建議，作為下一階段學校評鑑或校長評鑑檢核校長學用合一的依據；四、可評估進行校長持續專業發展學用合一的研究，強化需求評估、政策導入、方案規劃與學校績效的管考。最後，綜以結語。

From perspective of educational administration authorities, this study elaborates the reinforcement of elementary and secondary school principals’ professional leadership of unity of learned and application. This study discussed the importance of principals’ unity of learned and application from three aspects, namely business management theories in school education, development of leadership theories, and rise of information technology and artificial intelligence. Moreover, it explored the necessity of principals’ unity of learned and application through the difference between Grade 1-9 Curriculum Guideline and 108 Curriculum Guideline and the lesson study of principals and teachers. Based on the perspective of educational administration authorities, it proposed the suggestions to enhance principals’ unity of learned and application: (1) it can adjust the required seminars for principals with the implementation of policies, adopt sandwich project and emphasize the practice of principals’ unity of learned and application; (2) it can construct the sustainable professional development courses for principals’ school affair management and operation as the criteria to examine their professional development and unity of learned and application; (3) according to the result of school evaluation, it can propose the suggestions for principals’ professional knowledge and competence as the criteria for the next school evaluation or principal evaluation to examine principals’ unity of learned and application; (4) it can assess the research on principals’ continuing professional development of unity of learned and application, reinforce demand evaluation, policy introduction, project planning and school evaluation. Finally, the conclusions of this study are offered.