臺灣公共化幼兒園及準公共幼兒園之推動與檢討

Practice and Review of Publicized Preschools and Quasi-Public Preschools in Taiwan

為減輕家長育兒負擔，改善臺灣少子女化問題，教育部自1992學年度起陸續推動增設公共化幼兒園（包括公立及非營利幼兒園）相關計畫，並自2018學年度起推動準公共幼兒園政策，自此，臺灣幼教發展重心由公共化邁向平價化。本文檢視後發現：一、只透過增設公共化幼兒園擴增平價教保供應量，確實緩不濟急，推動準公共幼兒園確有其必要；二、平價幼兒園供給率小於40%且有待優先改善之鄉鎮市區高達104個，且多數集中於六個直轄市；三、多數（96.2%）準公共幼兒園配置於需求急迫性較高（或普通）之鄉鎮市區，但少數（3.8%）則否；四、少數準公共幼兒園疑有違規收費或簽約後費用調漲等問題。本文據以提出相關改善建議，供有關機關參考。

In order to alleviate the burden of parenting and improve the problem of falling fertility rates in Taiwan, the Ministry of Education has carried out many plans regarding increasing publicized preschools (including public preschools and non-profit preschools) since 1992 school year; moreover, it has also carried out the policy of quasi-public preschools since 2018 school year. Since then, the focus of Taiwan’s preschool education policy has shifted from publicized preschools to affordable preschools. The major findings of this paper can be summarized as follows: 1. It is too slow to increase affordable educare services only by increasing publicized preschools; furthermore, it is necessary to carry out quasi-public preschools policy; 2. There are 104 townships/cities/districts which need to be improved preferentially and their supply rates of affordable preschools are less than 40%; besides, their distribution areas are concentrated in 6 municipalities; 3. The majority (96.2%) of the quasi-public preschools are allocated to the townships/cities/districts with more urgent needs (or moderate needs), but a few (3.8%) quasi-public preschools are not; 4. A few quasi-public preschools are suspected of some problems, such as charging fees illegally and increasing prices after signing contracts. Some suggestions for improvement are presented to the authorities for reference.