幼兒自慰的認識與回應   免費試閱

Understanding and Responding to Young Children’s Masturbation

與幼兒一起工作，因為有足夠的訓練，處理幼兒的行為問題似乎並不困難。然而當教保服務人員觀察到幼兒自慰難免會懷疑該如何回應才正確。除此之外，教保服務人員對於幼兒自慰的反應，無論是語言或是非語言，都是嬰幼兒取得他人對自己身體感覺的基礎。故教保服務人員的反應或許是嬰幼兒對自己身體接受或拒絕的第一步，將會影響一個人對自己身體的概念。雖然教保服務人員對於幼兒性發展扮演如此重要的角色，然而在台灣少有著述探討幼兒自慰的定義是什麼、幼兒自慰的普及情形為何，又是什麼因素促發幼兒自慰，以及發現幼兒自慰時，教保服務人員該如何評估與回應。本研究的目的是在引導教保服務人員瞭解、評估與回應幼兒的自慰行為。本研究的第一部分是有關幼兒自慰的定義、普及情形、影響因素與對於正常的界定以供評估之參考；第二部分從社會化、客體關係理論與發展階段等觀點論述成人的回應對幼兒性發展的重要性；第三部分是有關如何評估與回應幼兒的自慰行為以支持正常的自慰，並協助過度與公開自慰的幼兒學習適應技巧與社會文化規則。最後一部分對教保服務人員專業發展提出建議，並對未來的研究提出了一些想法。

Since young children’s masturbating behavior is not uncommonly seen, the parents’ and preschool educators’ reactions or responses to it affect the children’s concept of their own bodies. The aim of this article was to review the related literature that could guide the working staff in child-care settings or preschools in the assessment of and response to young children’s masturbation (CM). The definition and prevalence of CM, the factors which might have an influence on CM, the boundary between normal and abnormal, or deviant CM were discussed in the first part of the article. The elaboration of the significance of adults’ response to CM based on socialization, object theory, and developmental stages were discussed in the second part. To foster normal childhood sexual development, it is important for adults to learn how to assess and respond to CM. Some concerns and strategies were thus described in the third part, and the suggestions for further professional development and ideas for future research were also presented at the end of this article.