英國高等教育及品質保證制度最近之改革   免費試閱

A Study on the Recent Reforms of the Higher Education and Quality Assurance Systems in the United Kingdom

近年來，英國高等教育及其品質保證制度經歷重大的變革。在高等教育體系方面，英國政府新設一「學生辦公室」，並成立「英國研究與創新單位」，作為英國政府分配高等教育研究經費之專責單位，英國政府要求所有的高等教育提供者都必須在學生辦公室下之「英格蘭高等教育提供者註冊局」登記註冊，只要高等教育提供者的教學品質達到教學評量設定的標準，學生辦公室便負責審核其是否可具有「學位授予權」及改名為「大學」之權力。在高等教育品質保證制度方面，英國雖仍維持將教學與研究分開進行的雙軌評鑑，但在2014年推出「研究卓越架構」新制後，於2017年再引進「教學卓越架構」作為教學評鑑之新制，改採以大數據庫量化資料作為教學品質評鑑主要之參考。本研究旨在探討英國高等教育及品質保證制度的最新變革，並提出可供台灣未來相關政策改革之參考建議。

There have been important reforms on the higher education and quality assurance systems in the United Kindgom after the promulgation of the “Higher Education and Research Act”(HERA) in 2017. As to the higher education system architecture, a new regulator–the Office for Students(OfS) was set up in 2018, by merging the Higher Education Funding Council for England (HEFCE) and the Office for Fair Access (OFFA), and another body corporate called “United Kingdom Research and Innovation” (UKRI) has also been established to give financial support or funding for researches. According to the HERA, the OfS must establish and maintain a register of English higher education providers, and all higher education providers must register in the register. The OfS may make arrangements for a scheme to give ratings to English higher education providers regarding the quality of, and the standards applied to, higher education that they provide where they apply for such a rating, and the OfS may by order authorise a registered higher education provider meeting the requirement of quality to have “degree awarding power”(DAPs) or the “university title”(UT). As to the reforms on quality assurance system, after a new research assessment scheme, the Research Excellence Framework Framework (REF) was introduced in 2014, a new teaching assessment scheme, the Teaching Excellence Framework (TEF) was introduced in 2015, and the TEF Year 2 results was published in 2017, by using a common set of metrics derived from quality assured national datasets and benchmarked in a transparent and fair way across all providers to give information to inform assessments. Finally, based on the British experiences, suggestions were proposed for the reference of related policy reform the in the future.