英國高等教育產學合作相關策略與成效

The Strategies and Achievements of University-Business Collaboration in the United Kingdom

高等教育藉由知識轉移的活動與企業界進行連結，目前被視為是大學傳統教學與研究角色外的第三軌活動。英國政府對高等教育產學合作議題的關注早於台灣，由2003年出版的《藍伯特企業─大學合作報告書》，即開始強調知識轉移的重要性，而相關政策的制定與實施，除中央教育主管部門外，半官方機構如「英格蘭高等教育撥款委員會」與「創意英國」等，皆在其中扮演重要角色。本研究經由相關文件與成果報告探討英國產學合作相關政策、相關機構所扮演的角色，以及其實施成效，並以「知識轉移夥伴計畫」為例，了解其具體實施與運作策略。本研究歸結英國實施產學合作的特色為：一、跨部門的政策執行與補助模式；二、重視成效評估；三、重視多元及不同規模的產學合作對象﹔四、學術研究納入產學合作的邊界逐漸模糊。最後，提出可供台灣發展相關政策之建議。

Since 2010, the Taiwanese government has started paying a great deal of attention to the mix-match between higher education and industry needs. Thus, Ministry of Science and Technology and Ministry Education have launched a series of projects and funding schemes to facilitate university-industry collaboration. In the UK, the concern for the mix-match between education and work started a decade earlier than Taiwan. For above reasons, the government tried to establish a more supportive environment for universities and industry to collaborate together through the work of non-departmental public organizations such as Higher Education Funding Council for England, Innovate UK, and also cross-sector committee such as National Centre for Universities and Business. Through document analysis, the paper tried to explore: the roles of the agencies mentioned above, how the dual-funding mechanism of HEFCE and Innovate UK support university-industry collaboration, and the achievements so far. Particularly, the case of Knowledge Transfer Partnership has been examined in order to find out the detailed implementation and outcomes. The findings show the success of related strategies and mechanism have benefited both UK economy and graduate employment. It is hoped this study can provide references for both policy makers and university leaders and academics in Taiwan.