市场转型背景下我国高等教育扩张的社会动力研究─地位竞争的视角

Research on Social Dynamics of Higher Education Expansion in the Context of China's Market Transition: A Perspective from Status Competition Theory

1999年以来我国高等教育规模经历了持续、快速的扩张。这种扩张用人力资本理论代表的技术一功能论无法充分解释,地位一冲突论则为分析高等教育扩张的动力提供了有效的视角。在市场转型的背景下,就业竞争激烈导致高等教育的工具价值显现,社会分化加剧导致高等教育的个体收益率上升,社会流动收况变化导致高等教育的作用增强。在这些因素的作用下,社会上的高等教育需求急剧增长,形成高等教育扩张的社会动力。

China's higher education has experienced sustained and rapid expansion since 1999. The technology-functional theory, as exemplified by human capital theory, is unable to effectively explain the expansion, while the status-competition theory provides further analaysis of a valid perspective In the context of market transition, the instrumental value of higher education became prominent as a result of intense competition in the labor market, the economic returns to higher education grown with the exacerbation of social disintegration, the importance of higher education was enhanced with the change of social mobility situation. Under the influence of above factors, the social demands for higher education increased dramatically, which constituted the social dynamics of higher education expansion.