析中小学校长更替问题及其改进

Analysis of Principal Succession Problem in Primary and Secondary Schools and Improvement

校长更替是常见的教育现象和社会现象。而校长更替问题，是指因校长更替工作低效、失误、失败、无效而造成的教学士气低迷、领导愿景模糊、教育质量下降等组织发展的停滞、错乱。我国目前的中小学校长更替问题，主要表现为校长更替的理念缺失、频率紊乱、方式单一以及身份认同与文化传承的困难。未合理筹划校长更替、未重视校长更替过程的有效管理、未统筹安排校长更替的后续工作及未系统思考校长更替，是导致中小学校长更替问题的主因。应对中小学校长更替问题的措施主要有：加强对校长更替的规划设计，平衡权责关系加强情感交流，改善校长更替的后续工作，以及推行可持续领导。

Principal succession is a common educational and social phenomenon. The principal succession problem refers to stagnated and disordered situation of organizational development including weak teaching morale, vague leadership vision, and declined educational quality, which arises from the low effectiveness, mistake, failure and ineffectiveness of the principal succession. At present, the principal succession problem in primary and secondary schools in China is characterized by the lack of idea, disordered frequency, sole method and the difficulties in self identification and cultural heritage. The underlying causes rest with lacking of reasonable succession planning, effective management of succession process, thoughtful follow-up arrangements, and systematic thinking. In order to solve these problems, we should strengthen the succession planning, make a balance between powers, facilitate the emotional communication, improve the follow-up arrangement, and promote the sustainable leadership.