当前我国义务教育阶段“在家上学”的法学分析

Legal Analysis of Home Schooling for Children in Compulsory Education Period in China

就法律文本而言，当前我国义务教育阶段“在家上学”的合法性问题的核心是对“入学”这一义务教育法定形式的解释。根据扩大解释的法律解释方法，“入学”可理解为“进入义务教育内容的学习过程”，从而“在家上学”的法律性质可界定为“法益”。从权利关系来看，儿童的教育利益最大化是教育活动的应然目标，父母教育权与国家教育权的分配也应当以此为基础。“在家上学”是家长以个性化方式积极履行父母教育权并保障子女受教育权利的活动，具有法理上的正当性，能够成为学校教育的辅助形式而存在，并在家庭和政府的合作间不断成熟。应当完善相关法律法规，进一步明确公民“在家上学”的合法性，并将其纳入政府的有效管理之中。

In terms of legal documents, the core issue of the legitimacy of home schooling for Chinese children in compulsory education period is the interpretation of the legal regulation of "access to education" .According to the extensive interpretation in legal interpretation methods, "access to education" can be understood as "the process to learn the content of the compulsory education knowledge" ,and thereby the legal character of home schooling can be defined as a "legal interest" . In the perspective of the relationship of rights, the maximization of children's education interests should be regarded as the purpose of educational activities and it also should be the foundation for the distribution of the rights of educating children to parents and the government. Home schooling is a personalized activity through which parents actively execute parental rights to educating children and guarantee children's rights to be educated. The legitimacy of home schooling should be acknowledged. Home schooling can exist as a supplementary form of regular schooling and gradually become mature in the cooperation between government and families. Relevant legal provisions should be improved to clarify the legitimacy of home schooling and to include it in the effective supervision of government.