高质量教师的经济价值

The Economic Value of High Teacher Quality

以往关于教师质量的研究都止于教师质量对学生学业成绩的影响，而没有进一步分析高质量教师的经济价值。高质量的教师能够带来学生学业成绩的提高，而学业成绩所反映的认知技能能够在劳动力市场上获得收益。因此，将教师效能的研究结果与认知技能回报率的研究结果相结合，可以估算出高质量教师的经济价值。结果表明，一位高于平均水平以上一个标准差的教师如果教授20 人的班级，一年之内该教师能够带来学生未来工资收入的现值增加40 万美元。如果该教师所教的班级人数更多，那么他的年度边际经济价值更大。

Most analyses of teacher quality focus on how it affects student achievement and end without any assessment of the economic value of altered teacher quality. Higher teacher quality can lead to higher student achievement and the cognitive skills represented by such achievement can gain profit in labor market. Therefore, this paper combines information about teacher effectiveness with the economic impact of higher achievement to estimate the economic value of high teacher quality. The results show that a teacher one standard deviation above the mean effectiveness annually generated marginal gains of over$400,000in present value of student future earnings with a class size of 20and proportionately higher with larger class sizes.