改革开放40年教科书建设再论

A Re-Discussion on Textbook Construction in the Past 40 Years Since the Reform and Opening Up Policy

改革开放４０年来，我国教科书建设经历了围绕义务教育的教科书以及适应课程改革需要的教科书发展两大阶段，并取得了重要成就：教科书制度日益完善、教材观明显转变、教科书质量稳步提升、教科书多样化初见成效、开启了教材综合化的探索、教科书编写和研究队伍得到壮大。教科书发展也存在诸多不足，突出问题有两大教材缺失和五大管理滞后：实验教科书和乡土教科书趋于消亡；数字教科书、国际学校教科书的管理机制没有得到跟进，港澳台教科书没有持续的跟踪研究，教科书审定队伍建设标准有待完善，三级教材发展与管理不均衡。教育主管部门应该迅速调整政策，恢复并且重视实验教材和乡土教材，加强和完善有关教科书的管理机制。

In the past 40 years since the Reform and Opening Up policy， Chinese textbook construction has gone through two major developmental stages： the development of textbooks for compulsory education and that to meet the needs of the curriculum reform . The textbook construction has obtained important a-chievements： the increasing improvement of textbooks' system， the obvious change of the view of teaching materials， the steady improvement of textbooks' qualities， the initial achievement of textbook diversification， the commencement of the exploration of textbook integration， and the development of textbook re- search and compilation team. However， there are also many problems， two of which deserving more attention： two major teaching materials are missing and five managements are lagging behind： the development of experimental textbooks and local teaching materials s dying out； the management mechanism of digital textbooks and international school textbooks are lagging behind; there is no continuous follow-up study of the textbooks in Taiwan， Hong Kong and Macau； the construction standards of textbook examination team need to be improved， and the development and management of three-level teaching materials are not balanced. So， education authorities should promptly adjust the policy， properly restore and focus on ex- perimental textbooks and local teaching materials， and strengthen and improve the management mechanism of relevant textbooks.