生师互动：源自美国的学理分析与经验分享

Student-Faculty Interaction: Theoretical Review and Practical Experience in the USA

生师互动的教育价值和策略方法在美国已经研究了几十年，研究成果被广泛应用于大学教育实践。特拉华大学就是其典型个案。该校促进生师互动的做法与美国生师互动的理论研究成果相符，其成功经验可归纳为三个方面：首先，在教学理念上，生师互动的教育价值已经深入人心，并且通过学校的政策管理落实下来，体现在教师的实际教学行为中。其次，具体措施包括课程学习具有难度和挑战性、强调过程性评价和及时反馈、方便快捷的教务系统和管理系统、合作研讨的课堂教学模式、强大的课后辅导系统、实施小班化教学、老师带领学生做科研和服务性学习等。这些措施的有效性在于激发了生师互动的动机，保障了生师互动的时间、地点和周期。最后，这些措施的综合使用产生了整体的最佳效果。

Research on student-faculty interaction has been conducted for decades in the USA. Findings have been used in guiding the collegiate practices. University of Delaware is a good case in point. Successful experiences about facilitating student -faculty interaction at University of Delaware conform to findings accumulated in decades and can be summarized in three aspects: Firstly， the educational value of student-faculty interaction is widely accepted by faculty and staff. It is carried out by policies and observed from instructors' teaching behavior. Secondly， concrete measures include highly challenging courses， instant feedback through the whole teaching process， convenient teaching and administration network system， cooperative learning models， strong tutorial system， small-sized classes， student research and service learning guided by mentors. The reason for the effectiveness of these measures lies in the fact that the motivation is aroused and the schedule of interaction is fixed. Finally， the integration of the above-mentioned measures produces a maximum effect.