从学习性评价的视角反观MOOC之理念与设计

Studying MOOCs' Idea and Design from the Perspective of Assessment for Learning

MOOC的学习特点和当前欧美评价领域所兴起的学习性评价理念有着千丝万缕的联系。学习性评价和MOOC除了共同关心学习者的评价任务设计之外，它们之间还存在共同的价值基础：即倡导终身学习的理念、推动教师的角色地位发生转变、提升教师的职业素养和以促进学生的学习为目的。从学习性评价实践的视角审视MOOC，其设计应用既有很大的优势，也存在明显的不足。为了更好地发挥其学习的优势，MOOC资源应从以下几方面优化设计：分享学习成功标准、加强学生评价的引导、让反馈更加有效、积极倡导建构的学习观和坚持以评促学的原则。

The learning characteristics of MOOC are closely related to the assessment for learning concept in the field of European and American evaluation. In addition to the common concern of the assessment of learners’ task design， assessment for learning and MOOC also have a common value: the idea of lifelong learning， promoting the role of teachers to change， and jointly promote the improvement of teachers’ professional quality， and for students’ learning. Studying MOOC from the perspective of assessment for learning， we can see not only some obvious advantages， but also defects and deficiencies. In order to make better use of the application value of MOOC， the paper suggests the following points: To share learning success criteria， strengthen the student assessment guide， make more effective feedback， actively advocates the learning of construction， and adhere to the principle of promoting learning by assessment.