开放教育视野下的高等教育生态研究发展分析

Elemental Analysis on Ecology System of Higher Education

高等教育系统内部各要素关系错综复杂，借助生态学理论对其进行分析是教育领域研究的热点之一。该研究针对2001年至今的教育生态学领域研究成果，通过CiteSpace软件进行态势与关键词分析，归纳了高等教育生态体系研究发展阶段与脉络。分析发现，该领域初期研究处于总结与引进西方主要学术思想阶段，中期阶段研究热点开始转向我国教育体系特有的生态特点。通过关键词分析可以看出，近五年的研究热点，则明显聚焦于信息技术促进高等教育开放性这一话题。MOOCs等在线课程与开放教育资源作为新物种，为高等教育生态体系带来哪些影响？以及如何达到新的生态平衡？研究者对此热点话题众说纷纭，该研究通过分析教育生态学领域近期相关研究，梳理并呈现了主要学术思想。

It has been one of the hotspot issues analyzing the complicated relationship among elements in higher education system through ecology theory in recent years. The paper analyzed the researches on educational ecology from 2001 to date through situation and keywords analysis by Citespace， and summarized the research stages and trends. The analysis results showed that the researches mainly focused on introducing and summarizing western academic ideas in the early stage， while the researchers devoted to elaborating on the ecological characters of China’s education system in mid-term stage. The research focus of recent five years has apparently shifted to the influence of information technology on the openness of higher education. What are the effects of MOOCs and open educational resources have brought to higher education ecological system and how to achieve a new balance? Concerning this question， the paper combed through recent related researches and summarized the main academic ideas.