流动儿童环境支持要素探讨—流动儿童语文学业成绩及其环境要素的多层线性分析

Exploring the Environmental Variables for Migrant Children： Multilevel Analysis on the Variables Related to the Chinese Performance of the Migrant Children

在义务教育阶段，语文素养是一个重要的发展内容，特别是对于流动儿童发展而言具有深远的作用。 采用多层线性的分析方法，对影响小学生学习成绩的环境变量及其引发的行为反应进行探究。样本数据来自三个 地区以接纳流动儿童为主的15所学校，共包含2 568名学生。结果表明，年长教师的教学效果亟须提升，但教龄因 素在家庭收人变量加人后消失了。在最终的模型中，家庭的经济收人变量、学生性别、表层学习策略和深层学习策 略、学校环境量表中的学校支持维度对学生的语文成绩有预测作用。在流动儿童教育方面，应加强对民办学校教育 质量的督导，加强民办学校年长教师的职后培训，并结合流动儿童的心理发展特点展开有关学习方式的引导，在社 区针对流动儿童的父母进行文化和家庭教育的培训。

In compulsory education， Chinese is a core curriculum . Chinese literacy is important for the development of the migrant students. The study explored the environmental variables related to the Chinese performance of migrant children in elementary schools. The authors collected data of 2 568 students in 15 schools accepting migrant children in three regional areas， and conducted multilevel analysis. Results show that teacher?s teaching years negatively affect the Chinese performance，but the impact disappeared after adding the variable of family income. In the final model， family income， student gender， surface learning strategies，deep learning strategies and school support dimension in school environment scale were predictors to the Chinese performance . As for migrant children?s education，we should enhance the monitoring of private school education quality， and increase the training for teachers of older ages at these schools; we should guide the students in terms of learning strategies by referring to their psychological developmental characteristics，and provide training regarding culture and family education for the students? parents in local communities.