改革开放以来我国公办学校办学模式改革政策的演变及其启示

Policy Evolution of Public School Administration in China and Its Enlightenments

改革开放以来，我国公办学校办学模式改革的政策与实践经历了不同的阶段，从改革开放之初至 1993年以重点学校制度为特征，采取快出人才的方式追求办学效率；993—2005年以“混合制”学校为典型，采取 简政放权、适应市场机制需求和多渠道筹措办学资金的方式追求办学效率；006年以来以成立“跨学校组织”为特 征，采取义务教育均衡发展和以扩大优质教育资源为途径追求教育机会公平。教育改革政策具有多面性以及试验 和调整性；在教育改革政策试验过程中，多项改革政策的叠加效应可能改变单项政策的效应；教育改革政策的调整 以适应当时的社会经济发展状况、教育发展现实需求和上一阶段的教育政策执行状况为基础。

Since the reform and opening up to the outside world， policy and practice of Chinese public school administration reform experienced different stages. Key school system is the characteristic of public school administration during the period from the beginning of Opening Policy to the year of 1993 for the purpose of quickly cultivating talents， the value of which is to pursue educational eficiency. During the period from 1993 to 2005， mixed schools as a typical， adapting to the demand of market mechanism and raising funds in multi-channels， also pursue the value of educational efficiency. Since 2006，“cross school organization” has become the characteristic of public school administration， the purpose of which is to real- ize balanced development of compulsory education and to expand high-quality educational resources ， to pursue the value of educational equity. The enlightenment of the policy evolution are： education reform policy s multifaceted ， experimental and adjustable； in the policy experimental process ， the superimposed effects of several reform policies together may change the effects of individual policy； educational reform policy adjustment s based on the development of society ， economy ， realistic demand of education development and the previous implementation of educational policy.