论中介组织在英国远程教育质量保障中的作用与启示

On the Role of Intermediary Organizations of Distance Education Quality Assurance System in the UK and Its Enlightenment

英国远程教育的健康发展得益于其完善的质量保证体系，其中高等教育质量保证署、英国开放与远程教育协会等中介组织发挥了独特而重要的作用。英国高等教育中介组织的产生是大学自治和政府控制之间博弈的结果。文中采用历史法分析了英国政府、远程教育高校、中介组织在质量保证方面所扮演的不同角色和作用。政府尊重大学的学术自由和自治权利，只进行有限干预。远程教育高校建立严格的内部质量标准和质量管理，并自觉接受中介组织的外部审计，积极回应社会和政府的要求。中介组织通过制定资格框架、学科基准和实践准则来指导远程教育高校并进行质量审计。最后，基于比较法的分析结果，建议我国要提高中介组织的独立性、专业性、权威性，建立基准导向，激发远程教育高校质量的自检自觉，促进远程教育质量的持续改善和提高。

The healthy development of distance education in the UK dues to its perfect quality assurance system ， such intermediary organizations as QAA and ODLQC played a unique and important role， the generation of UK higher education intermediary organization is the result of the game between university autonomy and government control. The paper analysises the different roles among the government， distance education universities and intermediary organizations in the aspect of quality assurance with the historical view. The government maintains the university's academic freedom and autonomy through the limited interventions. Distance education universities consciously accept the external audit of intermediary organizations， actively respond to the demands of society and government with the strict internal quality standards and quality management. The intermediary organizations built the benchmark qualification framework， discipline standards and practice principles to guide the development and audit the quality of the distance education. Finally， it is suggested from the comparison analysis results that China should improve the independence，profession and authority of the intermediary organizations， establish standard orientation， improve the consciousness and initiative of the quality assurance and promote the distance education quality .