“教育规划”在深化改革中的决策机制：职能、布局与限制

The Policy-making Mechanism of Development Planning in Educational Reform： Function%2C Layout and Limitations

本文拟从“教育规划”的职能转变、层级布局与执行限制等方面出发，为理解中国教育领域综合 改革的政策过程提供一个分析框架。“规划”在推进我国新一轮教育领域综合改革的过程中，具有重要的职能。 它是释放改革信号、制定中长期政策实现目标的标志；是调整政策界限、确定政策优先顺序的推动力；亦是授 予机构权力、决定各级政府之间权力分配的关键；同时也是循环协调、评估、调整政策执行程度的反馈机制。 具有中国特色的规划机制是一个“制订全局性的政策”和分散“政策试验”过程的持续的上下互动的过程。规 划机制的局限性表现在教育绩效评估的目标偏离与规划目标的执行阻滞。

The study provides an analytical framework for understanding the process of China's policy-making mechanism in educational reform with the perspective of Development Planning from its function， layout and limitations. In the new round of comprehensive reform process， the Development Planning has important functions and roles in educational reform： it is a signal to start the reform； a drive to adjust policy limits and determine policy priorities； a power to determine the distribution of power and obligations between the different key levels of government； a feedback to coordinate， evaluate and adjust policies. With Chinese unique characteristics， the Development Planning is a mutual top-down ongoing process between making national policies and creating local policies. However， Limitations exist in Development Planning which are inappropriate education evaluation and resist in implementation.