论公立高校法人制度的双界性及其契约不完全性

Dual Attributes and Contract Incompleteness about Legal Person System of Public Colleges and Universities

公立高校作为法人的法源赋权来源于《高等教育法》等行政法规，而在实践中它却被定位为事业单 位法人。高校在委托代理关系中的契约不完全性，使具有行政色彩的高校作为民事主体在法人制度上具有跨 “民法”与“行政法”的双界性，并因科层化的非专业性管理使得其“行政化”饱受垢病。公立高校法人制度改革 必须经由契约化行政的诱致性变迁来完成，在实践中赋予公立高校以公务法人身份，以相对独立的法律人格应 对科层制的弊端；确保其在委托代理关系中的契约完备与确定性，厘清公立高校法人内外部关系，建立健全服 务性行政，以实现内部管理模式创新，确保公立高校在法人化治理过程中的办学自主权。

Public colleges and universities are empowered as legal persons by the Higher Education Act and other administrative regulations. In practice， however， there is much controversy about the status. The executive management of public colleges and universities has been criticized， not only because contract incompleteness in the principal-agent relationship leads to the dual attributes of public colleges and universities as civil subjects (i.e. ， subject to both civil laws and administrative laws)， but also because of their non-professional， bureaucratic management. To achieve innovation of the internal management mode， public colleges and universities should be given relatively independent legal personality and official legal person status in practice. Meanwhile， service administration should be established and improved and contract completeness and certainty be ensured in the principal-agent relationship.