学院自治：大学内部治理结构优化的路径选择

School Autonomy: The Path Selection to Optimize the Internal Governance Structure of University

现代大学内部治理结构的困境是行政权力与学术权力的失衡。改革的核心是分权和制衡。教授治校、教授治学等横向分权都无法落到实处，而纵向分权，实施学院自治是改革路径，即：学校党政、职能部门、学术权力机构下放治理权，让学院教授委员会行使学院决策权，院长行使执行权，学校党政领导集体及全院教职工行使监督权，从而形成分权与制衡的大学内部治理结构。

The plight in the internal governance structure of university is the imbalance between administrative power and academic power. The core of reform lies in the separation and balance of power. Administration by professors and academic governance by professors are not well implemented， while longitudinal decentralization and school autonomy can be an alternative path to reform. Through the decentralization of power from the top level， the university can establish a new internal governance structure， where the professor committee at school level exercises the power of decision -making， the dean exercises the power of execution， and the collective leadership of the university and all the school staff exercise the power of supervision.