當前美國孤独症儿童教育面臨的挑战啟其对我國的启示

Education for Children with Autism in the United States: Current Challenges and Implications to China

自1990年孤独症被列为美国《残疾人教育法》的残疾类别之一以来，美国加大对孤 独症儿童教育研究的投入力度，开发若干种教学策略与课程方案，积极推进孤独症儿童的融合 教育，提升专业人员的技能素质。然而，美国孤独症儿童的教育仍在教育安置形式、专业人员建 设、教学内容与教学策略的设计与实践上面临着严峻的挑战。清楚地认识这些挑战，有助于我 国对孤独症儿童教育工作的开展，进行有针对性的规划设计和借鉴。

Since the Autism was listed as one category of disability in the Individuals with Disability Education Act in the 1990， there has been increasing emphasis on education research on children with autism，a growing number of teaching strategies and programs，active advocacy efforts for inclusive education，as well as the en-hancement of professional development for children with autism. However，education for children with autism is confronted with three major challenges: education placement， professional development， as well as the instructional domains and methods. When we design and develop education for children with autism， we should take these challenges into careful considerations.