精英的特质与选拔———“清华大学本科新生入学调查”工具的研究报告

Traits of the Elite and Mechanism for Selection

在高等教育大众化阶段如何办精英教育是一个重要的政策和实践问题。研究者从新时期精英的特质和选拔角度出发，对清华大学２０１４级本科新生展开入学调查，本文是对调查工具的一个研究报告。在工具中，研究者开发了七个主要指标———一般学习策略、学习的自我调节和管理、反思性学习、社会适应性、领袖型人格潜质、全球化素质能力和父母教养方式，研究显示指标在信度和效度上达到可接受的水平，为我国精英高等教育的探索提供可资借鉴的诊断和分析。

How to run elite education in the context of mass higher education is important in both policy and practice. From the perspectives of traits of the elite and mechanism for selection，we conducted the 2014 Survey of Tsinghua Freshmen. This study， as a report of the survey instrument， finds that the main indicators developed through the survey (i. e.， learning strategies， self-adjustment and management of learning activities， reflective learning， social adaptation， leadership， ability to cope with globalization， and parenting style they experience) have satisfactory reliability and validity and thus can provide diagnosis and analysis that may benefit higher education running in China.