继承与创新:美国2006年－2010年博士点评估述评

A Ｒeview of 2006-2010 Assessment of Ｒesearch-Doctorate Programs in the United States

美国最具影响的全国性博士点评估是国家研究委员会(NＲC )组织开展的研究型博士点评估。最 新一次评估结果于2010 年9 月底公布。与前两次评估相比，此次评估对象的范围更加广泛，评估方法一改以 往依靠同行主观评定的做法，采取以客观指标表现为基础的专家赋权法，评估结果也以“区间排名”的方式呈 现。剖析美国NＲC 博士点评估，对我国改进博士点评估、保障博士生培养质量具有积极的参考价值。

The Assessment of Ｒesearch-Doctorate Programs，conducted by the National Ｒesearch Council (NＲC)，is the most influential evaluation of doctoral programs in the United States． The latest NＲC assessment was implemented in 2006-2010 and covered more fields than did any previous assessment． One significant change in the methodology is that it used an academic survey to determine the weights of objective indicators instead of adopting definitive factors of final rankings． In addition，the results of the latest assessment were presented by means of range-ranking． The philosophy and practice of the latest NＲC assessment could be referenced by similar activities in China．