论建立第三部门视野下的高等学校法人制度

The Establishment of Corporate System of Higher Education Institutions in the Perspective of the Third Sector

针对高等学校法人制度的改革问题，学界形成了公法人和私法人两条思路，然而它们都并非最佳的策略选择。突破公私两分法、主张社会结构三分法的第三部门理论成为可供选择的理论工具。将高等学校定位为第三部门组织，实现了其两大根本组织属性——自主性和公共性的有机辩证统一。由此，对高等学校这样一种主体资格和行为进行确认和规范的第三部门视野下的高等学校法人制度，即意味着在价值基础方面兼顾和协调高等学校的自主性和公共性，是高等学校法人制度改革的应然选择。同时，第三部门视野下的高等学校法人制度的建立也已具备了一定的社会基础、法律基础和改革契机。第三部门视野下的高等学校法人应属于专业型第三部门法人，并采取社团法人的组织形态，在立法模式方面则应制定专门的《公立高等学校法人法》或《大学法》，设立“高等学校法人”这一独立的法人类型。

As for reforming the corporate system of higher education institutions， the academic circle develops two kinds of ideas， i. e . public legal person and private legal person. However， neither of them is the best strategy for the reform. The third sector theory which has broken through the dichotomy and asserted the trichotomy of the social structure division can be a choice. The position of institutions as the third sector organization unites the two fundamental attributes of the institutions-autonomy and publicity. Thus corporate system of higher education institutions in the perspective of the third sector， which confirms and regulates the qualitication and behavior of higher institutions as autonomous bodies， implies the coordination of the institutions' autonomy and publicity in terms of its value base， and should be the choice for the reform of the corporate system of higher education institution. Furthermore， there is social and legal foundation as well as opportunities for the establishment of the new system. An institution legal person in the perspective of the third sector should a professional legal person in the third sector and a legal body of mass organization. In terms of its legislation model， the Law of Corporate System of Public Higher Education Institutions or Law of Higher Education Institutions should be made which stipulates an independent type of legal person as the legal person of higher education institutions.