无缝学习———数字时代学习的新常态

Seamless Learning as a New Normal Learning Form in Digital Age

随着无线网络、便携终端在教育中日益广泛的应用，“无缝学习”成为新兴的研究热点。近年来出现的一系列教学创新，从视频微课、翻转课堂到MOOC(大众公播课，国内简称“慕课”)，都在强化无缝学习的发展趋向，使其成为数字时代学习的新常态。本文在考察无缝学习发展起源的基础上，提炼出无缝学习的三维特征，无缝学习系统的构成要素，最后分析了实施无缝学习带来的新挑战。

With the increasing educational use of wireless network and mobiledevices， seamless learning has become an emergent hot spot in the research. Recentinnovations in education such as mini-video lectures， flipped-classroom and Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) has reinforced the development of seamless learning， and made it a normal learning form in digital age. This article reviewed the origin of the concept seamless learning and refined three dimensions of seamless learning， which are time， space and methods. For the time dimension， seamless learning enables a combination of learning in-class and out of class as well as a combination of synchronous and asynchronous communications. For the space dimension， seamless learning enables learning across locations， and a combination of digital and physical worlds. For the methods dimension， seamless learning enables a combination of informal and formal learning， and allows the instructor to switch among various teaching methods and learning activities. In addition， the article described essential elements of a seamless learning system including technological environments， instructors， and students. While technological environment provides technical support for the seamless learning system， the instructors are the designers of the learning and students are the center of the learning. Possible challenges of seamless learning was also discussed in the article. Major challenges of the technological environments of seamless learning includes building the system， technical support， and the update of the system. Major challenges for the instructor in a seamless learning environment includes adaption to innovative teaching methods in digital age， adaption to the new roles in the classroom， and the technical training. Major challenges for students in a seamless learning environment includes their ability to become a self-directed learner and to use learning technologies.