ARCS模型视角下高校推进MOOC应用的路径选择

Path Choice for MOOC Application in Universities and Colleges under ARCS Model

该文以ARCS模型为理论分析框架，探析高校针对MOOC(Massive Open Online Course：大规模开放性在线课程)的有效应用——无论是基于MOOC的引入还是基于MOOC的建设，如何将MOOC从一个炙手可热且容易被夸大、被炒作的概念落实为切实推进高校教育教学改革、教育教学质量提升的创新实践。ARCS模型界定了人类动机四个相互关联的构成要素，包括关注(Attention)、关联(Relevance)、自信(Confidence)与满意(Satisfaction)，强调如何通过外部的设计激发与维持内部动机的生成。分析结果表明，在ARCS模型视角下，一方面，高校需要积极关注MOOC的应用价值与意义，具有主动适应信息社会发展应用MOOC的主动意识；另一方面，高校需要根据学校的实际发展基础与需求，对MOOC的有效应用进行主动地设计与实践，激发与维持本校深入应用MOOC的动机。高校推进MOOC有效应用的路径具体体现为：在意识层面对MOOC本质与应用意义的自觉关注；在规划层面与学校长远发展目标与核心发展目标的高度关联；在实践层面具备应对MOOC挑战的充分自信；在效果层面注重评价与研究提升效果满意度促进MOOC的可持续应用与发展。

Taking ARCS model as a theoretical analysis framework， the study explores how to authentically transform MOOC from a hot and often exaggerated concept into feasible and creative practice which does promote education and instruction innovations and quality for contemporary universities and colleges’ effective application of MOOC(Massive Open Online Course)， either based on the introduction or on the development .ARCS model identifies four interrelated elements of human motivation， including Attention， Relevance， Confidence and Satisfaction， and emphasizes the generating and maintaining of internal motivation by external design. According to this study， in the ARCS model perspective， on the one hand， universities and colleges need to actively concern the value and significance of MOOC and have the initiative to make use of MOOC to adapt to the development of information age. On the other hand， it is necessary for universities and colleges to consciously design and promote the effective application of MOOC based on systematic needs analysis and foundations reflection. In more detail， as for the reasonable path choice for MOOC application， it is important for universities and colleges to have active attention to the connotation and value of MOOC on the awareness level， to relate MOOC application to their own long-term and core development goals on the plan level， to prepare to confidentially face with the challenges from MOOC on the practical level， and to take effect evaluation and relative research seriously to promote the sustainable application and development of MOOC on the outcome level.