儿童学习品质的主要影响因素：国外研究进展及其启示

The Main Factors Affecting Children's Approaches to Learning： Research Progress and Implications

国外学者近年围绕儿童学习品质的影响因素展开了不少研究，认为影响儿童学习品质的主要因素涉及活动参与、问题行为、年龄和种族等主体因素，父母教养方式、家庭背景特征、学校教育方式和文化取向等环境因素。国外已有研究带给我们的有益启示至少有三个方面：一是转变培养方式，以活动参与性学习为抓手促进儿童学习品质的发展；二是调整培养结构，将学习品质纳入家庭、学校和社会教育的内容范畴；三是重视儿童主体因素与环境因素之间的交互作用，有效提高儿童的学习品质。

The foreign researchers have carried out many studies around the influential factors on children's approaches to learning in the recent years. They have found that the main factors affecting children's approaches to learning included subject factors and environmental factors，involving activity participation，problem behaviors， age，race，parenting style，family background characteristics，school education and culture orientation. The existing research abroad brought us useful inspiration in at least three aspects：Firstly，changing cultivation methods to promote development of children's approaches to learning by activity participation learning; Secondly，adjusting cultivation structure by bringing approaches to learning into content areas of family education，school education and social education；Thirdly，emphasizing the interaction between subject factors and environmental factors to effectively improve children's approaches to learning.