美国早期教育“发展适宜性实践”三版的比较及思考

A Comparative Study of Three Versions of Developmentally Appropriate Practice for U.S. Early Childhood Education

全美儿童教育协会作为美国有影响力和领导力的幼儿教育专业组织，其颁布的早期教育“发展适宜性实践”行动指南，20多年来，虽有质疑但已成为美国幼教专业人员的共同语言，对提升全美幼教质量功不可没。本文对先后颁布的三个版本的声明从背景、含义、理论基础、核心问题、课程指引和判断标准等方面进行了比较分析，并阐释了其发展特点和发展趋势，以期引起我国学前教育的实践反思，更好地指导当前学前教育教学实践改革。

As an outstanding leadership and influential profe ssional organization in the domain of early childhood education in U.S.，the National Association of Early Young Childhood Education （NAEYC）issued its ＂developmentally appropriate practice＂ （DAP）guidelines which have been in practice for over twenty years. Although questioned，DAP still acts as the consensus among the early childhood education professionals，and it has made a great contribution to improving the quality of U.S. early childhood education. This paper made a comparative study of the three versions of DAP issued by NAEYC in the following aspects: the backgrounds，denotations， theoretical foundations，core problems，curricula benchmarks，and evaluation criteria etc，so as to intrigue the practical reflections of pre-school education in our country and further guide the current teaching practices reforms in this field.