网络学习社区中社会结构的形成与类型及其社会学阐释

Formation and Types of Social Structure and Its Sociological Interpretation on Internet Learning Community

学习成员在网络学习社区中扮演着不同的社会角色，占有一定的社会地位，这些地位和角色将每个社区成员定位在一定的结构关系中，并以此来明确人们对各类社区成员的态度和行为的合法性期望，由此，形成了网络学习社区中不同类型的社会结构，指令—交涉型、建议—参考型、参与—协作型就是当前极具代表的三类网络学习社区的社会结构，它们表现出不同的社会学特点，其社会结构的形成包括社会角色及角色分化、社会地位及地位形成、社会规则形成三个方面。

In Internet learning community， community members play different social roles， occupy certain social statuses.The status and role locate each of these community members in a certain structure relationships， and in order to clear people’s attitudes towards different types of community members and the legitimacy of the expected behavior， thereby forming all types of social structures in network learning community. We can divide the current network learning community of common social structure into Instruction- Negotiation type， Recommendation-Reference type， Participation-Collaborative type. They show different characteristics of sociology. The formation of social structure in network learning community includes roles and role differentiation， hierarchical roles and status of the formation， the formation of social rules.