从开放课程谈全球化时代的创新人才培养———访国际教育技术知名学者赵勇教授

Rethinking the Growth of Innovative Talents in Globalization Era from the Perspective of Open Online Courses: An Interview with Prof. Yong Zhao

赵勇教授是美国俄勒冈大学知名教授、作家，主要研究全球化教育及教育中的技术应用，曾主持设计致在培养富有全球竞争力的学校体系，开发了支持第二语言学习的大型游戏社区，建立了探索创新教育模式的研究中心。赵勇教授发表100 多篇学术文章、20 多本专著，获美国教育研究协会(American Educational ResearchAssociation，AERA)颁发的早期学术成果奖(Early Academic Career Awards)，并被《技术与学习杂志》(Technology & Learning Magazine)评为2010 年全球教育技术界最有影响力的十大人物之一。他目前任国际教育学会的理事、美国俄勒冈大学教育学院副院长、全球教育部主席，同时兼任教育评价、政策和领导力系教授。\r本次访谈围绕MOOCs、全球化校园、创新人才培养及青年学者发展等主题展开。

Dr. Yong Zhao is an internationally known scholar， author， and speaker. His works focus on the implica-tions of globalization and technology on education. Other than designingprograms to cultivate global competence. he has developed computer games for language learning and has founded research and development institutions to exploreinnovative education models. He has published over 100 articles and 20 books. Dr. Yong Zhao is a recipient of theEarly Career Award from the American Educational Research Association and was named one of the 2012 10 most in-fluential people in educational technology by the Tech & Learn Magazine. He is an elected fellow of the InternationalAcademy for Education. He currently is serving as the Presidential Chair and Director of the Institute for Global andOnline Education in the College of Education， University of Oregon， where he is also a Professor in the Department ofEducational Measurement， Policy， and Leadership.This interview mainly focuseses on the MOOCs， globalization campus， innovative talents educational model， andscholars爷academic development. First， Dr. Zhao points out that MOOCs has played an important role in changingthe traditional perception of learning. It indeed has the potential to change the learning institutions爷operating mecha-nism. But he argues that over-emphasizing its effects is not wise enough. After all， MOOCs is a kind of learning phe-nomenon， and is far from the innovative educational model. Therefore， there is no need to overestimate its impacts andraise it up to the height of the new education model. Common misunderstanding of information technology has existedfor a long time. Researchers often overestimate the short-term effects of information technology， while underestimatesit's long-term effects. The concerns of educational technology researchers were used to address how to teach well.They were rarely used to explore the essence of education， such as the function of educational institutions， the role ofteachers， the nature of the course， and the changes that technology brings. Therefore， more concerns should be ex-pressed on the essence of education. MOOCs has two vital features:representing the sharing of information and makingit possible for ordinary people to participate in higher education or high-quality education. However in the long run，MOOCs does not impact traditional universities very much. On one hand， MOOCs has no advantages in diploma au-thentication， which is the core function of traditional universities. On the other hand， MOOCs achieves remarkableperformances on learning globalized knowledge， but failed in facilitating localized knowledge learningSecond， globalization campus is not the privilege of MOOCs. Traditional universities， aiming to developstudents爷self-learning abilityhave the ability to make full use of Internet to create a global campus through the prod-uct-driven learning.Third， Dr. Zhao introduces a global open course trading platform—OBA， which was designed and developed byhis research team. It makes no strict boundaries between teachers and students. The platform has four features:out ofthe bounders of nation， schools levels， organization， and universities. Consequently， there is no permanent relation-ship of teacher-student like， only beginners and experts.For innovative training， Dr. Zhao emphasizes the need of cultivating students' innovative spirit of initiative， anddeveloping students爷confidence and adventurous spirit.Finally， Dr. Zhao gives some advices to Chinese young scholars. He suggests that young scholars should applyinternational research paradigm to solve Chinese domestic problems. For example， doing research with empirical re-search methods， international cooperation， innovation， and imagination will help Chinese young scholars to take partin international academic dialogue better.