基于课程与教学目标的作业设计研究

Research on Assignments Design Based on Curriculum and Teaching Goals

根据教学发展历程，我国的作业设计主要有三种类型：教师中心的作业设计、教材中心的作业设计和基于课程和教学目标的作业设计。为了减少作业的随意性，增加有效性，应该从基于教师自身经验或教科书的作业设计，走向基于课程和教学目标的作业设计，即课程和教学目标是作业目标来源，作业评价和批改设计先于作业设计，指向学生学习能力和效果。基于课程和教学目标的作业设计，要求教师能够像专家一样，结合课程标准、教材、教学进度与内容进行整体地考量。这种作业模式要从理想走向现实必须完善学科课程标准，提高教师作业设计能力。

According to the course of teaching development， there are three main types of assignments design， They are teachers —Centered，，textbook - Centered and based - on curriculum and teaching goals. In order to reduce the operating arbitrariness and increase the effectiveness， teachers should design assignments based on Curriculum and Teaching Goals instead of teachers’ own experiences or textbooks. The mode pointing to the students ＂ability to learn and effect means Curriculum and teaching goals is a source of assignments goals， assignments evaluation and marking prior to the design，which requires teachers to integrally take curriculum standards， textbooks， teaching schedule and contents into considerations. This mode of operation， to some degree can be implemented on condition that the curriculum standards must be improved， job design capabilities must be developed.