新世纪苏格兰教师教育改革回眸

The Reforms in Scottish Teacher Education in the 21st Century

新世纪以来，苏格兰教师教育进入了改革的新时期。2001 年麦克隆探究，改善了苏格兰教师的待遇和工作环境，同时对教师专业发展提出了有时代意义的入职教育计划和特许教师计划；十年后, 唐纳森研究和麦克科马克研究系统地考虑了苏格兰教师教育的新路线。尤其是唐纳森报告提出职前教师教育和入职教育的一体化和双轨制学位路线以及建立新的国家伙伴关系集团。这些改革进一步优化了苏格兰教师教育的制度，不仅是对 “卓越课程改革” 的响应，也进一步推动了苏格兰教师专业发展。

Since the 21st century, Scotland has undertaken some signifi cant reforms in teacher education. In 2001, the McCrone Inquiry has improved teachers’ pay and conditions of service. The Teacher Induction Scheme and the Chartered Teacher Scheme have been really meaningful in the professional development of Scottish teachers from the time when they were fi rst introduced. A decade later, the Donaldson Review and the McCormac Review have posed their new thoughts for supporting Scottish teacher education. In particular, they suggested that initial teacher education and induction should be planned as one overall experience in the early phrase of teacher education and that the traditional BEd degree should be phased out and replaced with combined degrees, as well as that, a new and strengthened national partnership group should be established. All these would optimize the system of Scottish teacher education. Therefore, these three reforms would not only underpin and respond to the Curriculum for Excellence, but also they would enhance the professional development of Scottish teachers.