凤凰为何不还巢？——“少数民族高层次骨干人才计划”毕业生违约个案研究

Why Won't Talents Return Home?——A Case Study of Contract Breaches by Graduates of the Program of Training High-Caliber Backbone Personnel from Ethnic Minorities

本研究运用质性研究方法，尝试从微观层面切入，对享受了“少数民族高层次骨干人才计划”的优惠政策但却未履行相应义务的毕业生进行分析，力图追溯他们违约前后的真实心态和实际行动，挖掘违约现象背后的深层次原因。研究发现，在计划经济体制下，“骨干计划”以及与之相关的就业政策是在国家行政指令下顺利完成，但在市场经济体制下，必然出现难以保证骨干计划的实施和政效的问题；“骨干计划”优惠政策的受惠主体——少数民族学生已经有了很大的变化，呈现出个性化、多元化特点。这些变化综合作用，导致了国家为边远民族地区培养研究生的扶持政策在实施效果上有所削弱。

This study,using qualitative research methods,focused on three graduates who broke the employment contract signed through the Program,traced the origin and development of their minds and action,and demonstrated what hid behind the phenomenon.Based on deep interaction with these ethnic minority students,the research found that the social background of the higher education policies for the ethnic minorities had greatly changed,challenging the implementation of the Program.Furthermore, under the socialistic market economy system,the employment contract of the Program could not be processed and secured as the involved actors had expected.Last but not the least,the graduates who benefited from the Program have become more and more individualistic and diversified in their career development due to different micro and macro reasons.