虚拟学习社区中自主学习活动研究：元认知视角

Research on Self-regulated Learning Activities in Virtual Learning Community：Meta-cognitive perspective

元认知包括对认知的知识、认知的体验和认知的监控及调节三个方面，其核心思想是对认知过程的自我调节。学习不仅仅是认知过程，同时也是对该认知过程进行积极监控及调节的元认知过程。元认知被认为是自主学习的关键过程，是促进学习的关键要素。虚拟学习社区（简称VLC）中的自主学习活动是其学习活动的核心内容之一，是其他学习活动（如协作学习活动）开展的基础。文章从VLC、元认知和学习的内部心理机制及规律出发，研究元认知视角下的VLC中自主学习活动和学习环境设计，提出了VLC中自主学习活动的元认知调控内部循环过程模型和基于元认知的自主学习活动过程模型以及基于元认知和自主学习活动的VLC学习环境功能模型。

Meta-cognition has three aspects: cognitive knowledge, cognitive experience and cognitive monitoring, and its core is self-regulations of cognitive process. Learning is not only a cognitive process; it is also a meta-cognitive process to monitor and regulate learning actively. Meta-cognition is thought to be the key process of Self-regulated Learning and the main factor to stimulate learning. Self-regulated Learning Activities in virtual learning community (abbr. VLC) are one of the most important learning activities, and they are the foundations of other learning activities (eg: co-operative Learning Activities). Based on VLC, meta-cognitive and internal psychological mechanism of learning and guided by meta-cognitive theory, the paper explores self-regulated learning activities and the design of learning environment in VLC, putting forward to an internal recycling process model, a self-regulated learning activities process model, and a function model.