美国基础教育理科教科书评价标准及其启示

An Overview on K-12 Science Textbook Evaluation in USA

美国的基础教育教科书评价研究起步较早，发展至今已相对成熟且系统化。与其地方分权的教育管理体制相适应，美国既有跨州的“2061 计划”教科书评价标准，也有各州在此基础上制定的本州教科书评价标准，这些标准的研制理念与现代教育评价理论一致，很好地体现了对教科书价值的判定，并使教科书的价值得以量化并外显出来，对我国教科书评价研究及标准的制定具有借鉴和参考意义。

The researches on K-12 textbook evaluation were started in the mid-19th century in United States. Up to now, the studies have been increasingly mature and systematic. Compatible with the education administration system, there are both national “2061 Project” textbook evaluation criteria and state textbook evaluation criteria based on national criteria in United States, which are significant references to our studies on science textbook evaluation.