美国教育的“黑冶与“白冶——以教育视角纪念马丁•路德•金发表《我有一个梦想》50 周年

"Black" & "White" of the Education in the United States: A Educational Perspective on the 50th Anniversary Commemoration of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. 's Historic Speech "I Have a Dream"

恰逢《我有一个梦想》发表50 周年,半个世纪历程能否让梦想照进现实,后种族歧视时代是否即将开启,亟待美国首位非裔总统奥巴马连任之后解答。2013 年6 月24 日,美国联邦最高法院对高校招生的种族倾斜即约翰逊总统1965 年颁布的平权政策作出判决。以平权政策的司法之战与学理之辩以及对亚裔造成的误伤为主线,本文试图以教育视角审视金馈赠全人类的这份遗产。作者认为,面对三重两难困境——即种族歧视还是阶层差异、社会公平还是历史赎罪、种族多元还是文化多元,平权政策自我修正的一条有效路径是:逐渐淡化种族保护,全力强化种族融合以臻文化多元。而教育堪为利器。历史性为“黑冶“白冶对峙所困的美国务必推进一场“为教育而进军未来冶运动,以多元并存共铸美国梦。

To commemorate the 50th anniversary of the historic speech “I have a dream”,the questions are arising: can dreams shed light on realities,and will an era of post-racial discrimination be initiated? These questions are urging to the first African-American President Barack Obama’s reply after his continuance in office. On July 24,2013,trial to Racial Preference in College and University Admissions-Affirmative Action proclaimed by President Lyndon B. Johnson in 1965-was performed in the U. S. Federal Supreme Court. Holding a cardinal line on judicial combat and academic controversy of Affirmative Action as well as caused Accidental injury to Asian-American,this paper tries to review Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. ‘s heritage for the human being. Facing triple dilemma -racial discrimination or difference in social strata,social justice or atonement for history,racial diversity or multiculturalism-Affirmative Action can be self-corrected via one efficient way,an effort to gradually fade racial protection and strengthen racial integration also multiculturalism. As Edge of blade to correction,education can be focused on at the first place. An Initiative names “March on Future for Education” is around the corner in America,which is being persecuted between confrontations of the White and Black across the history. The racial coexistence can create the American Dream.