中美青少年科技竞赛奖励政策比较研究

A Comparative Study on Prize Policy of the Youth Science Technology Competitions between China and America

青少年科技竞赛活动是中美两国科技创新后备人才选拔和培养的重要途径。英特尔国际科学与工程大奖赛和科学人才选拔赛是美国两大著名青少年科技竞赛项目，借鉴这两项竞赛项目设立的青少年科技创新大赛和“明天小小科学家”奖励活动是目前中国最具影响力的两项青少年科技竞赛项目。本文从奖项类型、获奖等级配置、奖励形式、奖励对象四个方面对中美青少年科技竞赛项目的奖励政策进行了比较研究, 并提出了规范奖励政策、丰富奖励形式、优化奖项设置结构等完善我国青少年科技竞赛奖励政策的政策建议。

The youth science technology competition is the important approach to choosing and fostering reserve talents for the innovation of science technology in China and America. ISEF and STS are two important competitions in America, while CASTIC and APFS are two competitions of great importance in China. This paper describes an overview of four competitions and makes a comparative study between China and America on the prize policy of the youth science technology competitions according to prize type, prize grade scheme, prize form and prize object. Several policy suggestions are put forward to improve the prize policy of the youth science technology competitions in China, such as normalizing prize policy, enriching prize form and optimizing prize grade scheme.