中外青少年科技竞赛激励机制的比较研究——基于促进科技创新后备人才选拔和培养的视角

Comparative Study of Chinese and foreign Youth Science and Technology Competition Incentive Mechanism —Based on the Perspective of Promotion on Selection and Culture of Technological Innovation Reserve Personnel

如何改进和完善青少年科技竞赛激励机制，促使科技竞赛真正成为选拔和培养科技创新后备人才的重要途径，值得社会各界和教育研究者不断探索和研究。本文基于竞赛激励机制方面的相关理论，建构国内青少年科技竞赛项目与国外竞赛项目的比较框架，提出改进我国青少年科技竞赛激励机制的建议:（1）减少国内青少年科技竞赛项目的最高等级奖项配置比例；（2）对各省参加全国青少年科技创新大赛决赛名额的分配采取“基数”加“增长”的方式；（3）对获奖学生的指导教师和积极组织参与科技竞赛活动的学校给予表彰和奖励，创设激励多方（学校、教师、学生及家长）共同参与青少年科技竞赛的机制，是促使青少年科技竞赛持续稳定发展的重要举措。

How to improve and perfect the youth science and technology competition incentive mechanism, attract large numbers of young active participation, for young people to carry out innovation activities of science and technology to build a platform so as to promote science and technology competition truly to become an important way of the selection and training of innovation talents of science and technology, is worth of being explored and researched. Based on the relative theories of competition incentive mechanism, we build the comparative framework of domestic competition and international competition of the youth science and technology project，and then provide several suggestions to improve the incentive mechanism of our youth science and technology competition project.