臺灣、韓國國際教育之展望

The Prospects of International Education in Taiwan and South Korea

為因應全球化的衝擊，推動國際教育已是各國明顯的發展趨勢之一。臺灣與韓國均面臨全球化挑戰，在推動國際教育上，有一些可以相互借鏡之措施。本文旨在闡述臺灣與韓國國教育之發展與展望。
在國際教育現況上，臺灣中小學國際教育之推動相對於高等教育國際化而言較晚，但已透過《臺灣中小學國際教育白皮書》積極推動中小學之國際教育；臺灣學校推動中小學國際教育現況偏向國際交流；國際教育實施尚缺全國調查機制；臺灣外籍生人數已逐年成長。而韓國積極推動之「韓國留學計畫」，已持續增加留韓學生人數；透過「留學韓國2020專案計畫」，以吸引優秀青年來韓留學；韓國外籍生中，中國大陸留學生占近四分之三比例。
在未來展望上，臺灣與韓國各有其現實需要面對：首先，臺灣正值起步階段，仍面臨實施內容深度與廣度不足、實施條件資源與支援欠缺等問題；相對地，韓國則設有國立國際教育院，專責國際教育政策之推動。其次，臺灣有《臺灣中小學國際教育白皮書》，以為中小學國際教育推展之明確指引；韓國則尚無類似白皮書。最後，兩國均在大學國際化持續努力，而韓國招收留學生之比率於近年快速成長。

In response to the impact and challenges of globalization both, Taiwan and South Korea have adopted strategies for implementing international education programs at various levels. The main purpose of this article is to present the development and prospects of international education in Taiwan and South Korea. In Taiwan the current state of internationalization in primary and secondary education is relatively behind that of higher education. However, as set out in the “White Paper on International Education in Primary and Secondary Education,” the government is now actively implementing international education in primary and secondary schools. Taiwan has made more effort in promoting international academic exchange as opposed to international education per se, despite the growth in the number of international students in recent years. In South Korea the “Study in South Korea Program” is in place and the numbers of international students is expanding. In addition, South Korea is using its “2020 Study in South Korea Project” to attract excellent students from abroad; more than three-quarter of international students in South Korea are from mainland China. As for the future prospects of international education in Taiwan and South Korea, this paper presents three observations: 1) the implementation of international education in Taiwan remains at an initial stage, due to such problems as lack of resources and support for increasing the breadth and depth of international education. In contrast, South Korea has made more progress due to the establishment of the National Academy for International Education; 2) Taiwan has the Whitepaper on International Education; in contrast, South Korea has no such whitepaper; and 3) Both Taiwan and South Korea have made great efforts to internationalize higher education, but South Korea has been more successful in terms of growth in the numbers of international students.