大学毕业生“蚁族”现象的成因及对策：理性人假设的视角

The Reasons and Countermeasures of Graduates "Ant Tribe" Phenomenon from the Perspective of Rational Man Hypothesis

“蚁族”现象的本质是大学毕业生选择在大城市还是中小城市就业的问题。从理性人假设的角度来看，“蚁族”现象是“蚁族”为了获得更多的就业机会、更高的就业质量等经济收益和更多的教育收益、消费收益、心理收益和健康收益等非经济收益，主动选择在大城市就业的结果。减少“蚁族”现象的思路在于缩小城市发展差距、推进高等教育改革、促进地区间教育公平与均衡发展，从而吸引大学毕业生到中小城市就业。

The "ant tribe" phenomenon is in essence the problem whether university graduates choose to get a job in big cities or in cities of medium or small size. From the perspective of rational man hypothesis, the existence of "ant tribe" is attributed to graduates' wish to obtain the economic benefit, such as more employment opportunities, higher quality of employment, and the non -economic benefit, such as educational benefit, consumption benefit, psychological benefit and health benefit. The approach to reduce "ant tribe" phenomenon is to narrow the development gap between different cities, push the higher education reform, improve the equality and balanced development of education between different regions in order to attract the university graduates to choose to find jobs in medium and small towns.