教育制度设计对大学生机会型创业意向的影响——来自重庆的实证研究

The Impact of Education System Design on College Students' Opportunity-driven Entrepreneurship Intention: An Empirical Study in Chongqing

教育制度不仅通过“自主学习”体系深刻影响着个体的“责任感”和“自我实现需要”等个性特质的形成，也通过“创业教育”和“实践教育”体系直接影响到“机会型创业意识”。来自重庆的调查数据证实，“学习自主性”对大学生的“创业责任感”和“自我实现需要”存在显著的正向影响；“创业责任感”、“自我实现需要”、“创业教育”、“创业牵涉程度”对大学生“机会型创业意向”存在显著的正向影响。改革现行教育教学模式，鼓励学生“自主学习”，培育学生的“责任感”和“自我实现的需要”；同时，为学生提供完善的创业教育和企业实践磨炼，提高学生创业素质，使大学生产生机会型创业的内外驱动力量，可以大力推动大学生机会型创业。

Education system design affects the needs for self-actualization and personal responsibility by self-regulated learning and affects opportunity-driven entrepreneurship intention by entrepreneurship education and practice education. The Chongqing survey data confirm that needs for self -actualization, personal entrepreneurship responsibility, entrepreneurship education, and the level of being involved in entrepreneurship have significantly positive effect on opportunity-driven entrepreneurship intention. And self-regulated learning has significantly positive effect on needs for self-actualization and personal entrepreneurship responsibility. We should reform the present education pattern, support self-regulated learning, cultivate inner driver of opportunity-driven entrepreneurship, i. e. needs for self-actualization, personal responsibility and providing perfect entrepreneurship education and industry training. And then, college students will generate the inner and external impetus of opportunity-driven entrepreneurship. In doing so, college students' opportunity-driven Entrepreneurship ought to be promoted.