试论专业主义视野下的美国公立院校内部问责制

A Tentative Study of Internal Accountability in Public Institutions of Higher Education in U.S. in the Professional Perspective

美国公立高等院校内部问责制是一种以自我评估和内部问责为基础的质量保障机制，同时也是美国高校进行自我管理重要手段之一。美国学者布伦达·纽曼、理查德·艾尔默、约瑟夫·伯克从专业主义的视角阐释了高等院校内部问责制的相关理论。本文认为，专业主义视野下的美国公立高等院校内部问责制是高等院校自治的基础，是提升高等院校内部教育质量的保障，同时也代表了高等院校问责制的发展趋势。

Internal accountability in public institutions of higher education in U.S. is a quality-guarantee mechanism based on self-assessment and internal accountability; also it's one of the important means of self-management. Ameirican scholars, such as Brenda Neuman-Sheldon, Richard F. Elmore and Joseph C. Burke have interpreted internal accountability in higher education in the perspective of professionalism. This paper argues that internal accountability in public institutions of higher education in U.S. is the foundation of autonomy of higher education institutions and the guarantee to improve the educational quality of higher education; also it represents the development tendency of higher education accountability.