科学素养培养中男女生表现差异性的分析——基于PISA科学素养测评的研究与思考

Analysis on the Difference Performance of Gender in Cultivation of Science Literacy-- Study Based on the Science Literacy Assessment of PISA

本文对国际学生评价项目(PISA)中学生科学素养出现男女生差异做了总体性、科学本质和科学知识等维度的分析。并用相关PISA原题对我国230名学生进行了化学科学素养的测试，做了一致性判断与解析。从学习策略、自我效能感差异和课程资源等方面剖析出现性别差异的缘由。提出了关注学习策略的引导、树立女性学习的自信心和增加科学课程资源中女性材料的教学建议，以期使我国的科学素养培养与国际接轨，达到所有学生共同发展之目标。

This paper gives an analysis on the dimensionalities of generality, scientific essence and scientific knowledge for the gender differences of scientific literacy in the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA). Original PISA tests were used on 230 Chinese students in assessment of chemical science literacy for some estimate and resolving. The reason of gender differences is analyzed from learning strategies, self-efficacy and curriculum resources. Some teaching suggestions about the guidance of learning strategies, establishment of girls' self-confidence and resource increase of females' materials in scientific curriculum are raised. It is expected to develop the scientific literacy in China to reach the level of international assessment standards, so as to achieve the goal of common development of all the students.