美国州政府的农村教师保障政策研究

The Rural Teachers' Safeguard Policy of American State Governments

美国各州政府采取了一系列的政策与措施来保障农村教师的生活与发展和改进农村教育。这些政策具有根据农村教师的实际需要、从职前入手、重视经济保障且形式多样和注重实效、充分利用各方资源特别是地方高校等特点。这对我国建立农村教师保障机制的启示有：建立专门的农村教师数据库，充分挖掘地方高校特别是其在农村教师职前教育上的保障作用，建立分层分级的经济保障政策且注重实效等。

American State Governments has adopted a series of polices to safeguard the rural teacher and rural education. These polices keep its root in the rural teachers' actual needs, start with the higher education, take various economical safeguard policies and pay attention to the actual effect and make the most of all resources,especially those of local universities. Our country should safeguard the rural teacher from the establishment of special rural teacher database, giving full play to the local universities in its safeguard function in their pre-service higher education phase and the establishment of hierarchical economical safeguard mode and pay attention to the actual effect.