美国大学教师学术自由的逻辑基础与制度保障

Logical Foundation and System Guarantee for Faculty＇s Academic Freedom in American Colleges and Universities

学术自由存在和发展的逻辑基础是由大学的本质和使命决定的，也被大学自身发展的历史所印证。美国学术自由思想深受德国学术自由传统的影响，在充分借鉴并广泛吸取社会生活和制度中的许多共同主张的基础上，形成了具有美国特色的学术自由思想和以终身教职为核心的较为科学完善的学术自由制度保障体系。

The logical foundation for the existence and development of academic freedom is determined by the university's essence and mission, and is confirmed by the history of its own development. The thoughts of academic freedom in the US are effected by German tradition of academic freedom. The more scientific and thorough system of academic freedom with distinctive American ideas and the tenure system is formed on the basis of borrowing and absorbing extensively many common ideas from social life and institutions.