虚拟环境中基于问题情境的认知活动与学习交互

The Cognitive Activities and Learning Interactions Based on Problem Situation in Virtual Environment

计算机信息技术的革命性发展极大地丰富了虚拟环境及其表现形式。在日益逼真、细腻的虚拟环境中，存在着大量的问题情境以及基于这些问题情境而引发的认知、学习活动，主要表现为认知工具、认知策略、认知留存、认知交换与认知学徒制，进而产生一种具有趣味性、具身性、亚实践性、协商性、场域性特点的基于问题的情境学习。本文通过观察、案例分析法等，对这一学习过程与交互进行深入地解剖与分析，揭示了其学习的环状式链条与交互的五个层次，以期对当今网络教育与学习提供一些借鉴或启迪。

The revolutionary development of computer information technology has greatly enriched the virtual environment and its forms of expression. In more and more realistic and detailed 3D virtual environments, there are lots of problem situations, in which many cognitive and learning activities also exist. These activities mainly are shown as cognitive tools, cognitive strategies, cognitive exchange, and cognitive apprenticeship. And these activities can contribute to create problem-based situated learning. Through observation and case analysis, the learning process and interactions are analyzed in-depth, and then the ring chain and five levels of interaction in learning are revealed to offer some suggestion and inspirations to today's network education and learning.