新课程背景下小学写字教学研究述评

Review of Elementary School's Teaching of Handwriting Under New Curriculum

自2001年新课程改革以来,研究者从不同角度对小学写字教学展开了讨论。写字与书法以及写字教学与书法教育之间,存在概念及关系上的认识不清。国家教育行政部门出台的一系列关于小学写字教学的政策方针以及指导性、纲领性的文件,为写字教学的教学内容、教学目标、教学方法、课程设置、学生学习方法等方面指明了改革的方向。10年来,围绕小学写字教学进行的研究取得了许多突出的成果,主要包括意义及功能研究;教学理念的探讨;教材的建设及研究;教学策略、教学模式与教学方法研究;评价管理体系研究等方面。但广大教育研究工作者对小学写字教学的关注不够,现有研究还显得较为薄弱,今后应加强写字教学与研究师资队伍的建设;结合教育学、心理学、信息科学等学科前沿的研究成果,以拓宽研究的范围;在继承传统与实践研究的基础上总结规律,进行更深入的理论思考;逐步建立一个较为完善的适合小学生生理、心理的写字教学理论与评价体系,从而真正实现"写字教学"在提高学生综合素质以及传承祖国优秀文化等各方面的功能。

Researchers discuss elementary school's teaching of handwriting actively from different perspectives after The New Curriculum Reform in 2001.There exists confusions about concepts and relationship among writing and calligraphy, teaching of handwriting and calligraphy education. State Education Administrative Departments have issued a series of policies and instructively programmatic documents on elementary school's teaching of handwriting, which dramatically direct the teaching contents, teaching objectives, teaching methods, courses, and learning methods. Over the past decades, there are a lot of remarkable findings on elementary school's teaching of handwriting, mainly including meaningful and functional studies, exploratory teaching concept, textbook's construction and research, studies on teaching strategies, models, methods and assessment management system, etc.. However, elementary school's teaching of handwriting is not paid sufficient attention, into which the existing research seems not good. In the future, it is necessary to strengthen teaching of handwriting and the training of teaching staff, to expand research range in combination with some other leading findings, such as education, psychology and information science, etc.. The advice is to sum up rules and meditate deeply on the base of carrying on conventional and practical studies, to set up a relatively perfect theoretical handwriting teaching and assessment management system suitable for pupils' physiology and psychology. Thus the handwriting teaching's function, improving pupils' comprehensive quality and handing down national outstanding culture, can be truly realized.