德国应用科学大学专业设置的特点与启示

The Courses of Studies in the Applied Sciences in German Universities: Characteristics and Enlightenment

德國應用科學大學作為德國第二大類高等教育機構，在專業設置方面形成了明確區別于綜合性大學的特點，體現出其特色化發展戰略.具體來看，德國應用科學大學在專業設置上表現出三個特點:第一，專業設置強調應用性，注重與地區經濟和產業結構接軌；第二，專業設置重視跨學科性，注重培養復合型人才；第三，專業設置凸顯特色性，注重新設專業和原有專業之間的互補與協調.基于這些特點，德國應用科學大學可以為我國行業特色型大學的專業設置提供有益的啟示.

Through establishment of courses of studies， higher education institutions ( HEIs) can develop and ex press its own characteristics of running a HEI. As the second largest type of HEIs in Germany， Universities of Applied Sciences have formed its own characteristics regarding establishing courses of studies that clearly differ from comprehensive universities. Concretely， German Universities of Applied Sciences demonstrate three characteristics in terms of establishing courses of studies: First， its emphasis on the application and the connection with the socio-economic and industrial structures of the region; Secondly， its focus on inter-disciplines， aiming at cultivating talents with inter-disciplinary competences; Thirdly， there are multiple characteristic development strategies of HEIs， and all of themhighlight the complementary nature and compatibility of new and existing courses o f studies. In this respect， Chinese universities with industry characteristics could gain some useful enlightenment from Germany universities of Applied Sciences.