破圆是圆吗——谈谈知识的客观性

Is a Broken Circle a Circle? A Discussion About the Objectivity of Knowledge

＂知识是客观的＂主要是从认识方式上来界定的。认识方式可区分为＂自我中心认识＂和＂自然中心认识＂，知识所倚重的是自然中心认识。在自然中心认识中，认识的参照标准从＂人的内部感受＂转到了＂不以人的意志为转移的外部自然＂，知识的客观性由此获得了坚实的基础。＂知识是客观的＂意味着知识的学习必须要有全新的理论指导，而不能完全寄托在学生的自主活动上。

The idea that ＂knowledge is objective＂ is mainly defined from the way of cognition which can be divided into ＂self-centered cognition＂ and ＂nature-centered cognition＂. Knowledge depends on the nature-centered cognition. In the nature-centered cognition， reference standard for cognition， instead of people s internal experience， is the external nature which does not change with people s mind. Thus the objectivity of knowledge acquires a solid foundation. ＂Knowledge is objective＂ means learning knowledge can not entirely depend on the students’ independent activities; it must have a new guiding theory.