美国博物馆与中小学合作的发展历程及其启示

Development of the Cooperation between American Museums and Schools and Its Enlightenment

教育是博物馆的主要目的和职能，而中小学是博物馆教育体系服务的重要对象。博物馆教育与学校教育之间存在着相互补充、相互延伸的关系，二者的合作不仅有助于学校课程的实施和学生学习，而且可以推动博物馆教育职能的不断完善和提升。文章介绍了美国博物馆与中小学互相合作的发展历程，分析了影响两者合作进程的主要因素，其成功经验对于探索中国博物馆与中小学教育系统的衔接合作颇有借鉴和启发意义。

The main purpose and function of museums is education， and schools become the important objects for museums education system There exists an interaction between museum education and school education， and the resulting cooperation of them may not only be beneficial to school curriculum practice and student learning， but may also promote the education function of museums This paper， by introducing the development of cooperation between US museums and schools， analyses the main factors affecting the cooperation process The experiences would be helpful to exploring the cooperation between museums and school education in China